eview etal tolerance and hyperaccumulation : Costs and trade - offs etween traits and environment
نویسندگان
چکیده
Metal hyperaccumulation is a trait present in over 450 higher plant species. Hyperaccumulators are also tolerant to metals, but hyperaccumulation and tolerance are genetically independent traits. The ecological and biological significance of hyperaccumulation is not clear yet. To provide new insights, this review examines recent literature, in particular focusing on the Cd and Zn hyperaccumulator species Arabidopsis halleri (L.) O’Kane and Al Shehbaz and Thlaspi caerulescens J. et C. Presl. in comparison with the model plant species Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. The main aspects considered in the discussion on hyperaccumulation and tolerance involve: (i) uptake of metals, (ii) vacuolar sequestration, (iii) xylem
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